Appearance
《大学英语》第二学期期末试卷(精选05)
一、单项选择（本大题共5小题，每题4分，共20分）
I think this problem should ______ quickly.
- A. treat
- B. treated with
- C. deal with
- D. be dealt with
The number of children from 1 to 5 ______ in different families.
- A. seems
- B. varies
- C. changes
- D. turns
The company requires that every worker ______ able to use a computer.
- A. is
- B. are
- C. to be
- D. be
A manager is supposed ______ responsible for everything in the factory.
- A. at being
- B. to be
- C. being
- D. of being
I spend much of my time ______ financial reports.
- A. studying
- B. to study
- C. study
- D. on studying
查看答案与解析
答案：1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A
解析：
第1题：D — should be dealt with，被动语态 + 固定搭配。deal with 意为"处理"，problem 与 deal with 是被动关系。
第2题：B — varies 意为"不同、变化"，the number of children varies 表示"孩子的数量在不同家庭中各不相同"。
第3题：D — require that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形，虚拟语气，should 可省略，故用 be。
第4题：B — be supposed to do 是固定搭配，意为"应该做某事"。
第5题：A — spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为"花时间做某事"。
难度： ⭐ 考点： #被动语态 #虚拟语气 #固定搭配 #动词用法
💡 学习锦囊
📖 相关公式与知识点：
- deal with — 处理（被动：be dealt with）
- require that + 主语 + (should) do — 虚拟语气
- be supposed to do — 应该做某事
- spend time doing sth. — 花时间做某事
- vary vs change：vary 强调"不同"，change 强调"变化"
思路分析
单项选择题先判断考点（语法/搭配），再根据语法规则排除错误选项。注意虚拟语气和固定搭配的用法。
易错点
- 第1题注意 deal with 的被动形式是 be dealt with，不是 be dealt
- 第3题 require 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用原形
🔄 举一反三
- The problem requires that it ______ (solve) immediately.
查看练习答案与解析
答案：be solved解析： require that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形，被动语态用 be solved。
- He spent the whole afternoon ______ (read) the novel.
查看练习答案与解析
答案：reading解析： spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配。
二、七选五（本大题共10小题，每题2分，共20分）
Many people often enjoy eating out either before or after a visit to the theatre. However, most of us would rather keep the two 11 separate. One man who thinks that they can be successfully combined has not only expressed his ideas in a recent book, but also set up an establishment where the theory is put very 12 into practice. The man is Paul Thornton, and the place is the Hollics, an old farmhouse.
Whenever I visit a new restaurant, I feel the same excitement that keen theatre-goers must experience on opening night. I had this feeling last Friday evening at dusk, as my wife and I were taking a walk in the beautiful gardens of the restaurant 13 after we had arrived. Dinner was as excellent as we had been 14. There is no menu, for Mr. Thornton creates his meals rather as a director produces a play. Nevertheless, the various combinations of 15 at each course are always 16 as if they were done by magic. He and his team of highly skilled helpers serve, cut and cook the food, moving about the "stage" as confidently as 17 actors. The meal is as different from what one finds in ordinary restaurants as a 18 performance of A Midsummer Night's Dream would be from a second-rate television production. May I offer a few words of advice in case you are thinking of paying him a visit. Try not to arrive just after noon, as Mr. Thornton does not serve a normal lunch.
His "brunch" which 19 the best 20 of a traditional English breakfast, is served around eleven o'clock and is so plentiful that lunch is unnecessary.
| 选项 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. features | B. shortly | C. potential | D. definitely |
| E. perfect | F. promote | G. live | H. professional |
| I. characters | J. difference | K. choices | L. includes |
| M. pleasures | N. result |
查看答案与解析
答案：11. J 12. D 13. B 14. E 15. K 16. E 17. H 18. G 19. L 20. M
解析：
11. J (difference)：keep the two differences separate 不太通顺，此处应为 keep the two pleasures/differences separate，但选项中 difference 最合适，意为"保持两者的区别"。
12. D (definitely)：put very definitely into practice 意为"确实付诸实践"。
13. B (shortly)：shortly after we had arrived 意为"我们到达后不久"。
14. E (perfect)：as we had been promised/expected 的语境，perfect 表示"完美的"，此处 as perfect as we had been... 不太通顺，可能原题有 promised。根据选项，definitely 已用于12，此处选 E (perfect) 表示"如我们期待的那样完美"。
15. K/N (choices)：combinations of choices 意为"选择的组合"，每道菜的各种搭配选择。
16. E (perfect)：are always perfect 意为"总是完美的"。
17. H (professional)：as confidently as professional actors 意为"像专业演员一样自信"。
18. G (live)：a live performance 意为"现场演出"，与 television production 对比。
19. L (includes)：which includes the best... 意为"包含最好的……"。
20. M (pleasures)：the best pleasures of a traditional English breakfast 意为"传统英式早餐的最好享受"。
难度： ⭐⭐ 考点： #完形填空 #词性判断 #固定搭配 #上下文推断
💡 学习锦囊
📖 相关公式与知识点：
- shortly after — ……后不久
- put into practice — 付诸实践
- live performance — 现场演出
- professional actors — 专业演员
- as if by magic — 像施了魔法一样
思路分析
选词填空解题步骤：①先判断空格词性；②根据上下文语义缩小范围；③检查搭配和语法是否正确。注意文章将餐厅比作剧院的类比手法。
易错点
- 第18题 live 在此是形容词，意为"现场的"，不是动词
- 第11题 keep the two...separate 需要名词，difference 最合适
🔄 举一反三
- The theory was put ______ practice immediately.
查看练习答案与解析
答案：into解析： put into practice 是固定搭配，意为"付诸实践"。
- She arrived ______ after the meeting started.
查看练习答案与解析
答案：shortly解析： shortly after 意为"……后不久"。
三、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每题3分，共30分）
A
Some prominent businesswomen believe they are being asked to disclose more about their personal lives as they climb the career ladder than their male counterparts. One seemingly innocent but frequently asked question illustrates the keen interest in the balance that women have to achieve between their professional and private lives — "how do you make it work?" Campaigners say that this question would hardly ever be put to a man and that it implicitly raises doubts over women's commitment to their professional lives.
Similarly, in a recent interview, one female chief executive declined to answer questions about her home life, saying her own achievements might then be attributed to having a supportive husband and family — or to being single or childless. Deborah Meaden, the entrepreneur whose profile rose dramatically when she began appearing on a BBC's popular television show, has developed strict boundaries around the parts of her life that she will and will not discuss. "I was fairly nervous about mentioning anything at the start, but I am clear now about what I will and won't talk about," she explains. "You will never see a picture of my home, but there are stories that I have decided I don't mind talking about — like the fact that I keep pigs and sheep. Who my friends are and what I do in my private life is not public information," she says.
But she believes that the scale of interest in her personal life is the result of her media career, as much as her gender. "There are more men in business and so it's a fact that if you are a woman you are a rarity and therefore you will attract more interest. And there is interest in how your life works because the traditional form is that women look after the family. But a lot of business people go about their life without anyone being interested in their home life."
What does the question "how do you make it work?" mean to successful women?
- A. People have more interest in their professional life.
- B. People are doubtful over women's commitment to their professional lives.
- C. People want to know more about their personal lives.
- D. People are curious about how women could be more successful than their male counterparts.
What can you learn from the story of Deborah Meaden?
- A. She was always worried about her personal life.
- B. She will never talk about her private life publicly.
- C. She will tell her stories about how to keep pigs and sheep.
- D. She will disclose who her friends are and what she does after work.
Why was Deborah Meaden attracting so much interest?
- A. Because she is a prominent woman appearing on a popular television show.
- B. Because she is having a supportive husband and family.
- C. Because she has no children.
- D. Because she always developed strict boundaries around the parts of her life.
What can be inferred from the text?
- A. People have more interest in businessmen's home life.
- B. People have gender-related prejudice against women's success in career.
- C. People are curious about women's marriage and family.
- D. People assume that women should not ignore their commitment to family.
The author's tone in this passage is ______.
- A. Objective
- B. Doubtful
- C. Critical
- D. Surprised
查看答案与解析
答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A
解析：
第1题：B — 第一段说 it implicitly raises doubts over women's commitment to their professional lives，这个问题暗含对女性职业承诺的质疑。
第2题：C — Deborah Meaden 说 there are stories that I have decided I don't mind talking about — like the fact that I keep pigs and sheep，她愿意谈论养猪养羊的事。
第3题：A — 最后一段说 the scale of interest in her personal life is the result of her media career, as much as her gender，她作为知名女性出现在电视节目中引起关注。
第4题：B — 全文暗示社会对成功女性存在性别偏见，对她们的私生活比男性更感兴趣。
第5题：A — 作者客观地呈现了女性职场人士面临的困境，没有明显的批判或质疑语气。
难度： ⭐⭐⭐ 考点： #议论文阅读 #推理判断 #作者态度 #细节理解
💡 学习锦囊
📖 相关公式与知识点：
- counterpart — 对应的人或事
- commitment — 承诺，投入
- attribute to — 归因于
- gender-related prejudice — 性别相关偏见
- rarity — 稀有，罕见
思路分析
本文讨论职场女性面临的性别偏见：人们更关注她们的私生活而非职业成就。注意区分作者客观陈述和主观评论。
易错点
- 第2题B选项过于绝对，她并非"从不"谈论私生活
- 第5题注意作者是客观呈现而非批判
🔄 举一反三
- Why is the question "how do you make it work?" considered problematic?
查看练习答案与解析
答案：Because it implicitly questions women's commitment to their professional lives, while the same question is rarely asked of men.解析： 这个问题暗含对女性职业投入的质疑，而男性很少被问及。
- What strategy does Deborah Meaden use to handle media attention?
查看练习答案与解析
答案：She sets strict boundaries between what she will and won't discuss publicly.解析： 她明确划分了可以和不可以公开讨论的界限。
B
The time when it counted whether the worker took pride in the product of their labor is long past. The vast majority of jobs today are assembly line, office cubicle and service tasks which, for the worker, are repetitive, boringly mind numbing, and prone to repetitive injuries. Meanwhile the wages attached to these "jobs" have not kept pace with inflation for years, meaning that more and more people every year are driven deeper and deeper into debt or poverty just to survive.
Besides, more and more employers these days are simply with bias and view workers as problem prone necessities that can be easily replaced at anytime and whose wages are a cost factor rather than an investment in the product.
It is time to think beyond mere "jobs" as the principle means of obtaining a "livelihood". Nor should a "job" define a person's value or relevance. Science and technology, robotics and automation, have been eliminating the human component from the "jobs" market at an ever increasing rate for decades. And that is a good thing. Yes, there will always be tasks that humans must perform and which cannot be entrusted to machines alone, but those tasks become scarcer every year.
But I say good riddance to the assembly line jobs that dehumanize the workers by degrading them simply into another part of the plans machinery and offer little or no mental stimulation or value to employees since they are so easily replaceable.
There is a rich, lively and engaging life to be found outside the workplace and a mere "job" and it is time we looked outside this box toward other ways that people can find value in what they do, such as volunteering, community projects, family care, amateur sports and an array of others.
According to the passage, the reasons why people take little delight in their work are the following except that ______.
- A. they earn so little at work that they can hardly make ends meet
- B. robotics and automation are widely used
- C. the biased employers view workers as problem prone
- D. some tasks cannot be entrusted to machines alone
We can infer from the passage that the advance of science and technology ______.
- A. is a blessing to the workers
- B. makes more and more workers lose their jobs
- C. makes the employers more sympathetic to the employees
- D. makes the work of employees irreplaceable
According to the passage, people can find value in ______.
- A. being an office clerk
- B. being a servant
- C. being a mechanic
- D. being a volunteer
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
- A. People doing repetitive jobs are becoming poorer because of inflation.
- B. Many employers nowadays see workers as a necessary investment in the product.
- C. We need more people who are capable of operating machines.
- D. Assembly line jobs can hardly offer mental stimulation or value to workers.
What is the best title for this passage?
- A. The significance of jobs in our life
- B. The pride we should take in our jobs
- C. The true value of jobs in our life
- D. The relationship between technology and jobs
查看答案与解析
答案：6. D 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. C
解析：
第6题：D — "有些任务不能交给机器"不是人们不喜欢工作的原因，而是作者承认的一个事实。A（工资低）、B（自动化广泛使用）、C（雇主有偏见）都是文中提到的原因。
第7题：A — 作者说 And that is a good thing，认为科技消除流水线工作是好事，对工人是福音。
第8题：D — 最后一段列举了 volunteering, community projects, family care, amateur sports 等可以找到价值的方式。
第9题：D — 第四段说流水线工作 offer little or no mental stimulation or value to employees。
第10题：C — 全文讨论工作的真正价值，认为不应仅以工作定义人的价值，应从更广泛的角度寻找价值。
难度： ⭐⭐⭐ 考点： #议论文阅读 #主旨理解 #推理判断 #细节理解
💡 学习锦囊
📖 相关公式与知识点：
- mind numbing — 令人麻木的
- prone to — 易于……的
- good riddance — 总算摆脱了
- dehumanize — 使非人化
- livelihood — 生计
思路分析
本文核心论点：工作不应定义人的价值，科技取代重复性工作是好事，人们应在工作之外寻找价值。注意作者对科技的态度是积极的。
易错点
- 第7题易误选B，但作者认为科技取代工作是"好事"，不是消极的
- 第6题是"以下哪个不是原因"，注意审题
🔄 举一反三
- What is the author's attitude toward automation?
查看练习答案与解析
答案：Positive. The author sees it as a good thing that frees workers from dehumanizing jobs.解析： 作者明确说 And that is a good thing 和 good riddance。
- According to the passage, why shouldn't a job define a person's value?
查看练习答案与解析
答案：Because most modern jobs are repetitive and dehumanizing, and there are many other ways to find value outside the workplace.解析： 工作之外还有志愿服务、社区项目等多种价值来源。
四、翻译（本大题共1题，共15分）
人们说，真正的北京文化是胡同(hutong)和四合院(quadrangle courtyard)文化。它们比高楼大厦吸引的海内外游客更多。现在，胡同已经成为北京文化的代表，因此对于想了解当地的历史文化的人来说，胡同是首选。胡同是蒙古词，意思是"水井"。在元朝，蒙古人高度重视水，所以几乎每一个城市社区都围绕一口井设计。直到今天，人们仍然可以在胡同中找到枯井。每条小巷中都有故事。在古代，它们的名字是口口相传的，胡同里没有路标(signpost)。直到明、清两代，胡同的名字才逐渐被书写下来。
查看答案与解析
参考译文：
People say that the true Beijing culture is the culture of hutongs and quadrangle courtyards. They attract more domestic and overseas tourists than high-rise buildings. Nowadays, hutongs have become the symbol of Beijing culture, so for those who want to learn about the local history and culture, hutongs are the first choice. The word "hutong" is of Mongolian origin, meaning "water well." In the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolians attached great importance to water, so almost every urban community was designed around a well. Even today, people can still find dry wells in hutongs. Every alley has its own story. In ancient times, their names were passed down by word of mouth, and there were no signposts in hutongs. It was not until the Ming and Qing dynasties that the names of hutongs were gradually written down.
解析：
- "海内外游客"：domestic and overseas tourists，也可译为 tourists from home and abroad。
- "代表"：symbol 或 representative。
- "首选"：first choice 或 top choice。
- "蒙古词"：of Mongolian origin，比 Mongolian word 更准确。
- "高度重视"：attach great importance to，固定搭配。
- "口口相传"：passed down by word of mouth，固定表达。
- "直到……才"：It was not until...that...，强调句型。
难度： ⭐⭐⭐ 考点： #汉译英 #文化类翻译 #固定表达 #强调句型
💡 学习锦囊
📖 相关公式与知识点：
- attach great importance to — 高度重视
- by word of mouth — 口口相传
- It was not until...that... — 直到……才
- of...origin — 源于……的
- domestic and overseas — 国内外
思路分析
文化类翻译要点：①专有名词用拼音或约定译法（hutong, quadrangle courtyard）；②四字成语用对应英文表达；③"直到……才"用强调句型。
易错点
- "口口相传"不要直译为 mouth to mouth
- "直到……才"用 It was not until...that...，注意否定转移
- "蒙古词"译为 of Mongolian origin 比 Mongolian word 更准确
🔄 举一反三
- 中国人高度重视家庭教育。
查看练习答案与解析
参考译文： Chinese people attach great importance to family education. 解析： attach great importance to — 高度重视。
- 直到20世纪末，互联网才广泛普及。
查看练习答案与解析
参考译文： It was not until the end of the 20th century that the Internet became widely popular. 解析： It was not until...that... — 直到……才。
五、写作（本大题共1题，共15分）
建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
The Job I Like
查看答案与解析
参考范文：
Everyone has a dream job in mind. As for me, the job I like most is being a teacher.
There are several reasons why I want to become a teacher. First of all, teaching is a meaningful profession that allows me to pass on knowledge and help young people grow. I believe that education can change a person's life, and being a teacher gives me the opportunity to make a difference. Secondly, teaching is a challenging job that requires constant learning and self-improvement, which keeps me motivated. Finally, the sense of achievement I get when my students make progress is beyond words.
To realize my dream, I am working hard to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills. I am confident that with dedication and perseverance, I will become an excellent teacher in the future.
解析：
- 结构：引出话题 → 原因分析（三点）→ 总结展望。
- 语言亮点：
- pass on knowledge — 传授知识
- make a difference — 产生影响
- beyond words — 难以言表
- dedication and perseverance — 奉献与坚持
难度： ⭐⭐ 考点： #话题作文 #职业理想 #原因分析
💡 学习锦囊
📖 相关公式与知识点：
- pass on knowledge — 传授知识
- make a difference — 产生影响
- beyond words — 难以言表
- sense of achievement — 成就感
- with dedication and perseverance — 凭借奉献与坚持
思路分析
话题作文步骤：①审题，确定主题；②列出要点（为什么喜欢这个职业）；③每点展开2-3句；④总结展望。注意使用连接词使文章连贯。
易错点
- 不要只列举原因，要有适当的展开和论证
- 注意时态一致性，描述理想用一般现在时
🔄 举一反三
- Write a short essay on "The Job I Like" focusing on a different profession (e.g., doctor, engineer).
查看练习答案与解析
参考范文： The job I like most is being a doctor. First, doctors save lives and relieve people's suffering, which makes the profession extremely meaningful. Second, medicine is a field that requires lifelong learning, and I enjoy the challenge of keeping up with new medical developments. Finally, the gratitude from patients and their families gives me a deep sense of fulfillment. I am studying hard to achieve this goal and believe I will become a caring and competent doctor. 解析： 同样采用"原因分析"结构，语言简洁有力。